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"DNA Reductase: A Synthetic Enzyme with Opportunist Clinical Activity Against Radiation
Sickness"(Garnett and Remo, International Symposium on Applications of Enzymes in Chemistry, 2001)
INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON APPLICATIONS OF ENZYMES
IN CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE.
May 2001
Plenary Session Abstracts
DNA Reductase: A Synthetic Enzyme with Opportunistic Clinical Activity Against Radiation Sickness
Merrill Garnett and John L. Remo
Garnett McKeen Laboratory, Inc., Islip, New York
DNA reductase(Poly MVA-Supplement Name),
a stable synthetic enzyme, gives
protection against radiation illness. During oral administration of this material in the emergency treatment of certain brain tumors, it was found that patients receiving concurrent radiation did not develop the usual signs of radiation toxicity such as nausea, exhaustion,
disorientation, and depression.
This compound is a liquid crystal polymer composed of palladium and lipoic acid. It has been reported to show DNA
electronic reducing activity by cyclic voltammetry (1).
A charge transfer from membrane
phospholipid to DNA is the presumptive mechanism whereby certain tumors, protozoa, and yeasts, are inhibited by
this complex. The subcellular site of destruction has been shown
to be the membrane (2). The functional catalytic
group incriminated by ESR spectroscopy is a sequestered peroxide within the polymer, which unlike solvated peroxide,
does not form superoxide. We believe this sequestered peroxide is the charge carrier site. This charge carrier is able to discharge into tumor membranes during
cellular migration of the complex. The electronic reduction denatures the polar disulfide
groups binding peptides together and compromises the integrity of the membrane.
Fluorescent probes delineate the increase
in cell voltage, and the membrane rupture.
This is seen in the facultative protozoan
Tetrahymena. While Tetrahymena
tolerates DNA reductase under aerobic conditions, it suffers membrane
rupture in a similar challenge under
anaerobic conditions.
Another illustration of this principle
occurs when sea urchins are exposed to DNA reductase. Only those cells in
the anaerobic archenteron are destroyed.
This produces sea urchins without
a gastro-intestinal system. In normal cells, the absence of side effects is attributed
to the process by which reducing
equivalents are rapidly engaged in electron transfer sequences which terminate in oxygen.
VIsual Example
Click Here to read: How Poly MVA works!
This textbook metabolic differential protects
the host organism and its energy competent cells from electrocution.
This is the proposed explanation
as to why formal studies in mice, and twenty documented human cases testify to the safety of synthetic DNA reductase(Poly
MVA). It was during the emergency clinical
use of orally administered DNA reductase that we learned of its protection against the side effects of radiation. There was both prevention and relief from radiation sickness occurring
in patients receiving radiation therapy. Subsequent
questioning in more radiated patients indicated this protection was reproducible. We believe the mechanism of the
radiation protection by DNA reductase will be found in studies of the vector addition radiative and non-radiative
charge transfer at the level of its liquid crystal structure.
While radiation protection was not the original therapeutic design for DNA reductase, it appears that quantitative
animal and human studies in this are warranted.
Critical assays of the dose relationships
can develop this material for applications in radiation risk environments in civilian utilities, and military sites. Such
studies can lead to commercial development and an advance in public safety procedures.
References:
1. Garnett, M., U.S. Patent no. 5,463,093, Oct. 31, 1995.
2. Garnett, M., J. Inorg. Biochem. 59: nos. 2&3, C48, p.231, Elsevier, 1995.
Other Scientific Research References
"Synthetic DNA Reductase"
(Garnett), J. Bioinorg. Chem. V. 59, P. 231 Aug.
'95, Lubeck
"Charge Relay from Molybdate
Oxyradicals to Palladium Lipoic Complex to DNA"
(Garnett and Garnett, Conference on Oxygen
Intermediates in Nonheme Metallobiochemistry, 1996)
"Developmental Electronic
Pathways and Carcinogenesis"(Garnett,
Remo, and Krishnan, Sixth International Conference of Bioenergetic Medicine, 2002)
"Increased Pseudoinductance
in Paired Mixtures of Biopolymers is a Model for Twin Wire Mutual Inductance in RNA and DNA"(Garnett and Remo, 198th Meeting of Electrochemical Society, Abstract
1152, Phoenix 2000)
"Impedance Spectroscopy of
DNA"(Garnett and Garnett, Journal of Inorganic
Biochemistry, V.74, 1999)
"Mesophase Interactions Between
Biological Polymers"(Garnett and Remo,
200th Meeting of Electrochemical Society, Abstract 1132, 2002)
"Pulsed Electrospinning of
Biopolymers"(Garnett and Krishnan, 201st
Meeting of Electrochemical Society, Abstract 78, Philadelphia 2002).
"Soluble Sensors of Telephonic
Signals" (Garnett and Remo, 200th Meeting
of Electrochemical Society, Abstract 185, 2000)
"Synthetic DNA Reductase"(Garnett, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, V.59, C48, p.231, 1995)
"Dissipative Impedance in
a Doped Liquid Crystal"(Krishnan and Garnett,
1st Spring Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, Abstract P06, Spain 2003)
"Dopant Catalyzed Charge
Dissipation in a Liquid Crystal" (Krishnan and Garnett, 203rd Meeting of Electrochemical Society, Abstract
2703, Paris 2003)
"Duplex semiconductor behavior
of mercury electrode in aqueous solutions" (Krishnan and Garnett, 226th American
Chemical Society National Meeting, Abstract Inor.0028, New York 2003)
"A New Model for DNA Charge
Transfer: Variable Electronic Circuitry" (Garnett and Krishnan, 204th Meeting
of Electrochemical Society, Abstract 1377, Orlando 2003)
"Modulation of Impedance
in DNA Solutions by Ions and Molecules: 1. Effect of Alkali Metal Ions" (Krishnan and Garnett, 204th
Meeting of Electrochemical Society, Abstract 1378, Orlando 2003)
"Peroxide Doping of DNA Enables
Dissipative Impedance" (Garnett and Krishnan,
204th Meeting of Electrochemical Society, Abstract 1379, Orlando 2003)
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